Sunday, August 25, 2013

Complete Functional Organs Fabricated Via 3D Printing


3D PRINTING TECHNOLOGY may be used to fabricate complete functional organs

A partnership between scientists at the University of Wollongong and St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne has led to a breakthrough in tissue engineering, with researchers growing cartilage from stem cells to treat cancers, osteoarthritis and traumatic injury.
In work led by Associate Professor Damian Myers of St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne – a node of the UOW-headquartered Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES) – scaffolds fabricated on 3D printing equipment were used to grow cartilage over a 28-day period from stem cells that were extracted from tissue under the knee cap.
Professor Myers said this was the first time true cartilage had been grown, as compared to "fibrocartilage", which does not work long-term.
“We are trying to create a tissue environment that can ‘self-repair’ over many years, meaning the repaired site will not deteriorate,” he said.
"It's very exciting work, and we've done the hard yards to show that what we have cultured is what we want for use in surgery for cartilage repair.”
ACES Director Professor Gordon Wallace and his team developed customised fabrication equipment to deliver live cells inside a printed 3D structure. This cutting edge technology was utilised to deliver 3D printed scaffolds on which the cartilage was grown.
“ACES has established a biomedical 3D printing lab at St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne in April this year. This has greatly accelerated progress by bringing clinicians and materials scientists face to face on a daily basis,” Professor Wallace said.
This research, which will soon move to pre-clinical trials to demonstrate repair of cartilage, is part of a wider limb regeneration project, involving Professor Wallace, Professor Mark Cook and Professor Peter Choong through the Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery. The aim is to eventually use a patient’s own stem cells to grow muscles, fat, bone and tendons.
Professor Wallace and his team are also working to develop custom-made 3D printed human organs.
“By 2025, it is feasible that we will be able to fabricate complete functional organs, tailored for an individual patient,” he said.

Saturday, August 17, 2013

Reflections on the Growth of 3D Returns

After a two month hiatus, Reflections on the Growth of 3D is back, examining the latest advances in 3D technology, the current status of the 3D feature film industry, the highly competitive but rapidly consolidating 2D to 3D conversion industry, comparisons and relative advantages of 3D conversion over 'native' filming with camera rigs, the latest information on 4K and how it impacts the 3D industry, the fascinating neuroscience of stereopsis as it applies to 3D movies and much more.

Over the past year and a half, Reflections on the Growth of 3D has earned a regular following of readers in over 20 countries.  I want to express my appreciation for the many emails I received this summer inquiring when new blog posts will be published and most of all, the emails from those of you who have requested posts on specific topics that are generally not covered in other 3D-centric blogs.  With a readership heavily biased within the international entertainment community, I believe the popularity of Reflections on the Growth of 3D demonstrates a sustained interest in the status of 3D as an evolving standard and the future of entertainment both in the home and in the theater. Look for noted guest contributors to this blog in the future.  Your continued feedback is always welcome and very much appreciated at bsandrew@legend3D.com.

The following article recently appeared in 3DFocus (www.3dfocus.co.uk)

3D movies still bringing in financial awards

cineword logo 475x133 3D movies still bringing in financial awards


Despite lacklustre reception in the home, 3D entertainment is still able to increase ticket revenue at the box office according to Cineworld.

The 80 site cinema chain has reported an almost 25% increase in profit before tax in the first half of the year thanks, in part, to 3D presentation up charging.  Revenues rose to just over £200 million.
Almost a third of the takings were from 3D releases, with the higher ticket fees raising the average admission to £5.39 (a rise of 4.7%).
‘Film studios are becoming increasingly adept in discerning the genre and target audience of 3D films and the quality of 3D product remains critical,’ the company said.
This is positive news for companies who have invested heavily in 3D production equipment and conversion technologies.  Cineworld have also introduced motion seats known as D-BOX which vibrate in time to the on-screen action which in itself carries an additional charge.
Many will conclude that 3D in the home is not feasible (or not ready) but cinemas can still attract people to watch 3D content, and more importantly pay extra for it.
The cinema industry have also pushed 3D presentation for obvious reasons.  ODEON/UCI have even controversially tested the concept of ONLY showing 3D versions of movies in some sites.  Speaking at the 3D Creative Summit earlier this year Drew Kaza, Executive Vice President for Digital Development for Odeon/UCI Cinemas said the results were very positive.
He said: "We are only into the first week of releasing the film but it’s very promising. We hope to move from a 42% incremental increase [in average 3D revenue] to 55%. We are already up to 50% in the first week of the release and most of the second time viewing is in 3D. It’s a sign of things to come into how we approach it.”

Saturday, June 1, 2013

Invited Presentation to the World Cultural Forum in Hangzhau, China To Promote International Cooperation for a Healthy Planet


The Power of Social Networks,

3D Documentaries and 3D Feature Films

to Promote Environmental Intelligence

By
Barry Sandrew, Ph.D.
Founder and CCO/CTO
Legend3D, Inc.

The following is the text of a presentation to the World Cultural Forum held in Hangzhou, China that I presented as an invited guest of the government of the Peoples Republic of China.  The Forum was attended by noted governmental leaders, journalists, filmmakers, scientists and environmental activists from around the world for the purpose of bringing about greater awareness of environmental concerns and to exchange ideas as to how to produce positive change to benefit the health of our planet.

There’s no denying that our earth is changing. The voluminous scientific literature surrounding global warming is a compelling indicator that we are facing an uncertain environmental future.

However just the other day I read that while 97% of scientists agree that man is a contributing factor to global warming, 60% of Americans actually believe there is no scientific consensus on the subject. Obviously scientific study and scholarly reports have little impact on the average person… at least in the United States, but I believe the same is true in many other parts of the world.

Clearly, there is a need to explore innovative ways to educate and inform the world’s general population regarding the fate of our planet and to inspire greater environmental responsibility. 

I believe that the most important targets of this education are our children… the environmental activists of tomorrow.  How to reach them, excite them and inspire them to action is no small task.

Creating Awareness That We Live in a One World Society:
Our young people must be made aware of the deteriorating state of the environment.  They must know that their way of life is being threatened… even those living in the most privileged nations of the world.  I don’t believe this can happen without our children achieving a clear understanding of their place in the world… that they are truly citizens of our global community.

Social Networks Empower Our Children:
Fortunately that awareness began spontaneously several years ago.  It happened via social media networks such as Facebook and Twitter.  Social networks have become one of the most influential means of shaping the ideas, perspectives and attitudes of young people.

In fact, social networking is transforming all of us into a global society where information, communication and ideas transcend geographic, political, religious and cultural borders. More important, this information is coming to us via social networks by the very people who are personally experiencing significant world events. 

The Citizen Journalists:
These people have become known as citizen journalists… average people who share their perceptions with us as their stories are unfolding… not as objective reporters but as subjective witnesses to both social unrest and environmental tragedies that threaten their way of life if not their very existence.

Unlike the way traditional news outlets report stories of these events, the perspectives of citizen journalists are not about the story.  Instead their personal perspectives actually become the story… punctuated by all the raw emotions that the moment evokes.

First Hand Accounts of Environmental Disasters:
A prime example… as a result of citizen journalists who uploaded videos to social media websites via their cell phones and iPads, we learned what it was actually like to be poolside at an Indonesian resort witnessing the dramatically rapid outgoing tide and eerie silence that precedes a tsunami. We subsequently understood the fear and anticipation to be with other terrified and helpless tourists watching an ominous 30-meter high tsunami approaching from the distance.

At the same time, from the false security of a hotel room we learned from another citizen journalist what it was like to watch the tsunami consume everything in its path… sweeping away cars and people as he recorded each moment on video along with a spontaneous, emotional running commentary.

We understood from first hand accounts of citizen journalists what it was like preparing for the certain destructive power of super hurricane Sandy as it threatened entire communities in the North East part of the US.

We turned to social media sites along with millions of other individuals to discuss the unfolding events leading up to and including the onslaught of Sandy's extreme wind and rain. Most important, we observed people in the communities most affected, communicating with each other, comparing experiences and lamenting the frustration that comes from a lack of civic resources to help in the immediate aftermath and cleanup.

Social Media Is Empowering:
It’s the immediacy, intimacy and interactivity of social networks that makes them particularly effective in teaching our children that they are part of a one-world community characterized by interdependence.

The words, pictures and videos shared by people all across the globe are constant reminders that our differences are quite superficial and that our interpersonal relations, our personal goals and our hopes for a better future represent a common denominator that defines the human condition.

Achieving this one world perspective is an essential precursor to the establishment of an environmentally aware generation that can drive positive change.

Immersive Stereo 3D Has Unique Educational Potential:
However, to fully reinforce this emotionally immersive perspective, we need a way to physically immerse our young people into the dark side of environmental issues so they can understand by personal experience how fragile our planet is and what the potential solutions are to current and future environmental crises.

Today our children can experience… essentially first-hand… significant environmental events throughout the world through well-crafted, immersive documentaries produced by gifted 3D filmmakers.

Unlike current 2D movies, 3D filmmaking transforms the movie screen into an exquisitely open window that has both an interior and an exterior, enveloping the entire theater.

In fact, when produced correctly, the space both in front of and behind the movie screen becomes an integral part of the story and the message.

As both a neuroscientist and filmmaker I’m very much aware how audience members experience feature films differently in a 3D movie relative to a 2D movie.  In a 3D movie they experience the content both visually and viscerally in a very primal manner because the 3D medium actually infringes on each audience member’s unique personal space… drawing them into the 3D immersive experience.

To better understand… surround sound has an analogous effect in that we sense that we are physically “in the center of the audio” rather than passively listening to stereo audio in front of us.  This is the difference between 2D documentaries and what I see as the future of 3D environmental education.

As a pioneer of 3D filmmaking I believe that presenting the facts of global warming and environmental decay in a manner that closely simulates reality is the most effective method for capturing and holding the attention of young people… motivating them to become engaged in conservation and environmental change.

However, recent 3D environmental documentaries present naturalist themes that deliver sanitized, naturalist views of the world via stunning cinematic vistas and staged cycle of life docudramas of indigenous animals and people. Unfortunately, these documentaries do little to draw awareness to the plight of the planet.  Quite the contrary, they present a sense of denial.

Who Will Deliver Environmental Messages in 3D?
There are filmmakers like naturalist Sir David Attenborough, who create overtly environmentalist films. In State of the Planet, released in 2000, he presented a documentary on the impact of man’s activities on nature. He later tackled the issue of global warming in The Truth about Climate Change, released in 2006 and human population growth in How Many People Can Live on Planet Earth?, released in 2009. In addition, he highlighted the plight of endangered species in BBC's Saving Planet Earth project in 2007.  These are exceptional films but they were all produced in 2D.

It’s only been within the last 3 years that Attenborough has started to experiment with the use of 3D filmmaking in his nature films.  In that time he’s created several exceptional documentaries such as his recent three part series on Sky3D entitled Galapagos 3D that explores the history of the Islands and its bio diversity using 3D filmmaking that literally immerses us within that exotic location.

However, unfortunately all the 3D documentaries Attenborough has produced to date have been focused more on his talent as a naturalist than as an environmentalist.

We can only hope that in the future he and other noted documentary filmmakers will focus this new and exciting 3D medium less on the entertainment value of the craft and more on reaching into the heart of serious environmental issues as Sir David previously did in 2D.

In addition to no holds barred, hard hitting 3D documentaries there is also a need for fictional dramas and docudramas with scripts that create a clear backdrop of environmental activism.  A great example, but in 2D is the film Gorillas in the Mist, the 1988 American drama, nominated for five Academy Awards.

Directed by Michael Apted and starring Sigourney Weaver as naturalist Diane Fossey, it tells the true-life story of Fossey’s work in Rwanda with mountain gorillas threatened by poachers.

Environmental films with this much dramatic impact should be encouraged.  We need to see and understand the dark side of man’s interaction with nature via exceptional scripts produced, not in 2D, but rather by today’s new breed of 3D filmmakers in a manner that takes us into the story as if we’re actually there.

Who Will Fund Direct, Hard Hitting Environmental Films?
Obviously, quality 3D movies with environmentalist messages similar in impact and scale to Gorillas in the Mist can generate sufficient box office and Blu-ray sales to justify their production.  However, 3D documentaries and docudramas with less revenue potential will likely require subsidized funding. MacGilivray Freeman Films Educational Foundation is one such non-profit which contributes to the conservation of the world’s natural and cultural heritage through giant screen films and companion educational programming.  More funding from around the world targeting environmental awareness needs to be funneled into direct, impactful storylines that can be presented in the form of informative and immersive 3D films and documentaries.

Conclusion:
I believe that this revolution in both social media networking and 3D movies will bring about a greater awareness in all of us that we exist as part of a symbiotic global community.  As a natural consequence I believe ecological and environmental intelligence will take hold inspiring positive activism among people of all ages but in particular, in our young people.



Tuesday, April 16, 2013

Dr. Sandrew - High frame Rate 
Movies Are Inevitable 
barry sandrew legend3d 475x587 Dr Barry Sandrew   High frame rate movies are inevitable
3D NEWS3D FILM
In the final part of our interview with Legend3D founder Dr Barry Sandrew, we discover that high frame rate movies are inevitable, that the 3D Blu-ray market is starting to heat up and why the Top Gun 3D re-release has proved so popular.  If you missed part one, click here.
3D Focus: Is it too simplistic to say, the more depth created in a shot, the more time, talent and cost required?
Dr Barry Sandrew:  There are times when that is the case.  While our entire creative conversion team is critical to each film we take on, I think one of the important areas of talent required for films with significant positive (inside the screen) and negative (outside the screen) depth and volume falls into the lap of the compositors.  They have to clean up the edge gaps that come along with significant depth.  The real challenge is when there is not enough background data to fill in the gaps.  Then it becomes a painting issue, which in 3D is very challenging.
3D Focus: Can you reveal if Paramount or others are looking to re-release classics?  We have heard about Lionsgate’s plans- will the 3D Blu-ray market be a small but important growth area?
Dr Barry Sandrew: The 3D catalogue business is starting to heat up.  I think with the success of titles like Top Gun and Jurassic park as well as the soon to be released Little Mermaid we’ll see many more of the most iconic feature films going through the creative conversion process.
3D Focus: As conversion technology like Legend3D solutions increasingly makes a compelling case for creativity and quality, do you predict 3D rigs to eventually only be used on lower/mid budget movies in several years’ time?
Dr Barry Sandrew:  No, I don’t see stereo rigs ever being used less on major feature films simply on the basis of cost.  Stereo rigs and conversion are both illusions.  Both native and conversion are special effects that are important story telling tools for the filmmaker.  I’m biased toward conversion because I know the significant creative potential and creative freedom of the process.
A 3ality Pulsar rig 475x237 Dr Barry Sandrew   High frame rate movies are inevitable
A 3ality Pulsar rig
After Legend has converted a film, the filmmaker can use our new, real time editing system to further direct, modify, polish and enhance their film.  This is a huge advantage for the filmmaker.  I don’t believe a true real time editing system for conversion has ever been available before. 
Amazing Spiderman 475x170 Dr Barry Sandrew   High frame rate movies are inevitable
The Amazing Spiderman. Legend 3D provided conversion work and assisted with 3D VFX work. 
3ality Technica provided the 3D rigs
However, there will always be filmmakers who want to frame each shot in camera because that’s how they feel most comfortable.  Also, there are times when a hybrid approach might be most suitable.  While there are many good native rigs and native stereographers out there, I think high tech rigs like those Steve Schklair created for 3ality are unique in the native world.  I’ve seen times when his rigs have taken a lot of the risk and cost out of shooting.  I’m sure there will always be select titles where Legend3D will be called upon to collaborate with native capture.  In those cases I can see high tech rigs like 3ality being brought in for the purpose of combining the best of both worlds.
3D Focus: If higher or variable frame rates do become popular, will this dramatically affect the workflow of a conversion at Legend3D?
Dr Barry Sandrew: Well, it will increase the number of frames we need to design and render.  But we’ve been working on technology to handle that issue as well as a 4K pipeline.  At NAB last week it became crystal clear to me that HFR and perhaps variable frame rates are inevitable for select films.  Both Warner Brothers and SMPTE are supporting it and I certainly can see its value as another visual effect.  VFX and conversion technologies will have to adapt.
3D Focus: Can you share the rationale behind what movie gets re-released in 3D and what does not?  For example, Finding Nemo did not do as well as expected but The Lion King did very well.  Is there any industry research coming through to suggest what makes a good candidate for a catalogue re-release?

Dr Barry Sandrew: That’s a complex issue.  I can point to Top Gun as a catalogue title that is very successful in 3D because it has a very wide demographic.  Also, it’s an iconic film that people will go see in 3D because they remember it from their childhood.  Many people love to see it over and over again because they know the dialog by memory.  In fact, the dialog is fun, the music is great and, hey… it’s Tom Cruise.  Oh and for some reason the volleyball scene has some special significance to many women. 

I believe that typically if a catalogue title is currently generating a good deal of revenue as 2D Blu-ray releases, they should do considerably better in 3D.  For instance, I believe The Little Mermaid will do outstanding numbers in the home video marketplace.  Movies that are not doing well in home video today as 2D films will likely not do well in 3D either.

To read the entire 3DFocus Article, click here.

Tuesday, March 5, 2013

Top Gun 3D: Why The IMAX Presentation Might Have Looked Different Than The Blu-ray Release

Top Gun 3D: A Tale of Two Presentations

by 

Top Gun 3DTop Gun has always been, for me, one of those films that simply screams out for big screen presentation. The epic aerial photography, the over-the-top action, the pounding soundtrack — unless you have a truly monumental home theater with a >100-inch 4K screen and gigawatts of power behind your sound system, you just can’t do justice to all of those elements at home. That’s one reason I could not wait for Top Gun‘s recent IMAX revival; the other reason, of course, was the film’s 3D conversion.

But a curious thing happened to Top Gun on its journey into the third dimension. Parked in the money seat of my local IMAX theater, I found the 3D effect rather reserved. By comparison, the Blu-ray positively pops! At home, the film is everything I expected its 3D presentation to be on the big screen.

To find out why Top Gun 3D feels more dimensional on a smaller scale, I chatted with Barry Sandrew, founder, CCO and CTO of Legend3D, which did the conversion on Top Gun and other recent standouts like Transformers: Dark of the Moon. Sandrew was kind enough to give me some insight into the differences between 3D on large and small screens, as well as the challenges involved in converting an older 2D film into 3D.